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Author:Korhonen, Nasti
Title:Biological removal of ibuprofen, diclofenac and carbamazepine from wastewater
Ibuprofeenin, diklofenaakin ja karpamatsepiinin poisto jätevesistä biologisella menetelmällä
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2013
Pages:72 + [11]      Language:   eng
Department/School:Yhdyskunta- ja ympäristötekniikan laitos
Main subject:Vesihuoltotekniikka   (Yhd-73)
Supervisor:Vahala, Riku
Instructor:Rantanen, Pirjo ; Sorokina, Antonina
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto     | Archive
Keywords:wastewater
pharmaceuticals
biodegradation

jätevesi
lääkeaineet
biohajoaminen
SBR
Abstract (eng): There are thousands of different pharmaceutical ingredients used in medication.
Pharmaceuticals are not completely metabolized in the human body and are excreted partially unchanged to wastewater finally ending up in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and the aquatic ecosystems receiving WWTP effluents.
Although WWTPs are not yet designed to remove pharmaceuticals from wastewater, some of them are already partly removed in conventional treatment processes.
Pharmaceuticals can be removed from wastewater biologically, chemically, or physically.
Removal rates can vary considerably between different treatment plants and are influenced by factors such as differences in treatment plant designs, variation in influent concentrations, temperature and other environmental factors.

To better understand the removal of pharmaceuticals in biological wastewater treatment for process optimization, the fate of three pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, diclofenac and carbamazepine) was studied using laboratory scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs).
The aim was to study the removal of these compounds in a conventional activated sludge system and determine the biodegradation rate constant (kbiol) for each compound in these conditions.
The effect of organic loading on pharmaceutical removal was also examined.

In the 24 hour degradation experiments ibuprofen was biodegraded up to nearly 100 % with its kbiol values ranging between 1.1 and 304 l/g MLSS/d.
Carbamazepine was not removed in the pilot process.
On the contrary the concentrations of carbamazepine increased slightly in some degradation experiments.
The concentration of diclofenac in the reactors both increased and decreased during the degradation experiments regardless of the difference in biological loading.
This could be explained by the effects of de nitrifying conditions.
The difference in biological loading was not shown to affect the degradation of carbamazepine or diclofenac.
However, the differences in MLSS and biological loading had some effect on the removal of ibuprofen.
Also adapting the activated sludge to the three pharmaceuticals before degradation tests enhanced the performance of the SBRs.
Abstract (fin): Käytössä olevia lääkeaineita on tuhansia erilaisia.
Ihmisen aineenvaihdunta ei kykene täysin hajottamaan nautittuja lääkeaineita ja siten osa niistä päätyy jätevesien mukana puhdistamoille.
Vaikka jätevedenpuhdistuslaitoksia ei ole suunniteltu poistamaan lääkeaineita, osa niistä poistuu jätevedestä nykyisilläkin puhdistusmenetelmillä. lääkeaineita voi poistaa jätevesistä niin biologisilla, kemiallisia kuin mekaanisilla menetelmillä.
Puhdistustulokset vaihtelevat eri laitoksien välillä ja siihen vaikuttavat useat tekijät kuten erilaiset suunnitteluratkaisut, tulevan jäteveden laatu, lämpötila ja muut ympäristötekijät.

Tässä diplomityössä tarkasteltiin kolmen eri lääkeaineen (ibuprofeeni, diklofenaakki ja karpamatsepiini) käyttäytymistä biologisessa jätevedenpuhdistuksessa käyttäen laboratoriomittakaavan jaksoittaista panossyötteistä aktiivilietelaitteistoa (Sequencing Batch Reactor, SBR).
Työn tavoitteena oli saada tietoa naiden aineiden poistamisesta aktiivilietteen avulla ja määrittää kullekin aineelle biohajoamisvakio (kbiol).
Lisäksi laboratoriokokeissa tarkasteltiin biologisen kuormituksen vaikutusta tutkittavien aineiden poistoon.

Vuorokauden mittaisissa lääkeaineiden hajoamiskokeissa ibuprofeenin biohajoamisaste oli lähes 100 % ja sille lasketut kbiol-arvot vaihtelivat välillä 1,1 - 3.4 l/g MLSS/d.
Karpamatsepiini ei poistunut kokeiden aikana, vaan sen pitoisuudet vedessä jopa kasvoivat hieman.
Diklofenaakin pitoisuudet sekä laskivat että nousivat hajoamiskokeiden aikana.
Eräs selitys diklofenaakin käyttäytymiselle voi olla denitrifioivien olosuhteiden vaikutus.
Biologisella kuormituksella ei havaittu olevan vaikutusta karpamatsepiinin ja diklofenaakin hajoamiseen.
Kuitenkin erot MLSS-pitoisuuksissa ja biologisessa kuormituksessa vaikuttivat hieman ibuprofeenin poistoon vedestä.
Lisäksi tutkimuksessa havaittiin, että aktiivilietteen sopeuttaminen tutkittaviin aineisiin ennen varsinaisia hajoamiskokeita paransi SBR-laitteiston suorituskykyä.
ED:2014-02-05
INSSI record number: 48544
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