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Author:Penttala, Miika
Title:Kalliorakennushankkeen kustannustiedosto
Cost File of Rock Caverns and Tunnels
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2004
Pages:102      Language:   fin
Department/School:Materiaali- ja kalliotekniikan osasto
Main subject:Rakentamistalous   (Rak-63)
Supervisor:Kankainen, Jouko
Instructor:Montin, Pekka ; Savolainen, Tarmo
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto     | Archive
Keywords:infrastructure
nomenclature
work breakdown structure (WBS)
product structure
building element estimate
scope management
cost management
cost engineering
statistical analysis
infrarakentaminen
hankeosa
hankeohjelma
tavoitteiden asettaminen
osittelu
kustannusohjaus
kustannusten arviointi
infrahanke
tilastollinen menetelmä
kalliorakennushanke
Abstract (eng):The study has been part of the cost management development program of infrastructures. The aim of the study was to investigate the cost management of rock caverns and rock tunnels. The study has been confined to excavating and reinforcing in rock caverns and tunnels and to open pit excavation. In the study a method was created to estimate the total contract costs. The costs were studied by two methods: with building element method and with a statistical method.

Building element method is based on building elements that are created by costs of materials, labor and machines. The stages of different parts of the construction work are .modelled logically using product structures. As a result of the building element method total sum of contract costs, which includes costs separately, are estimated. Statistical method is based on linear regression. The amount of the selected construction quantities and total sum of construction costs were used as an input data. As a result of the statistical method the total sum of costs of a planned construction project can be estimated.

The cost system is based on product modelling, which is the entity of building and construction product data during the life span of the structure. Remarkable cost benefits can be achieved by using new information technology due to better compatibility, timing, and correctness of the information. The quantity array of the product model enables the derivation of production models which can be used to model, for example, the estimate of the total cost of the project by using input data.

The construction costs of the data were modified to the cost level of December 2003 by index which was created in the study for underground excavating and reinforcing works. The costs modelled by building elements differed from the actual construction costs by 4,2 % in the average with a standard deviation of 4,3 %. As a result of the statistical method the mean absolute error of value was 1,4 % with the standard error of estimate 1,9 %. Building element method is a more comprehensive cost management method than the statistical which is easier to use in the early planning phase.
Abstract (fin):Tutkimus on toteutettu osana infrahankkeen kustannushallinnan kehittäminen -projektia. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on tutkia kalliorakennushankkeen mallinnusta ja kustannushallintaa. Tutkimus on rajattu maanalaisten kalliorakennushankkeiden louhinta-ja lujitustöihin ja avolouhintaan.

Tutkimuksessa on laadittu menetelmät louhinta-ja lujituskustannusten arvioimiseen. Kustannuksia on tutkittu rakennusosamenetelmällä ja puhtaasti tilastollisella menetelmällä. Rakenneosalaskenta perustuu panospohjaisiin rakennusosiin. Eri työvaiheiden kustannukset mallinnetaan loogisesti toteutuneilla tuotantorakenteilla. Puhtaasti tilastollinen menetelmä perustuu lineaariseen regressioon ja tutkimusaineistona on käytetty koekohteiden suoritteiden määriä ja kokonaisurakkahintoja. Tilastollisen mallinnuksen tulosteena saatiin kokonaishinta, ei osahintoja.

Kustannusjärjestelmän runkona on tuotemallinnus. Rakennuksen tuotemalli on rakennuksen ja rakennusprosessin elinkaaren aikaisten tuotetietojen kokonaisuus. Uuden informaatioteknologian avulla voidaan saavuttaa merkittävät kustannussäästöt paremman tiedon yhteensopivuuden, oikea-aikaisuuden ja virheettömyyden avulla. Tuotemallin määräluetteloista voidaan muodostaa tuotantomalleja, joista panoksien avulla mallinnetaan esimerkiksi hankkeen kustannukset.

Testauskohteiden urakkahinnat muutettiin vuoden 2003 joulukuun hintatasoon käyttämällä tutkimuksessa muodostettua maanalaisten kalliorakennustöiden kustannusindeksiä. Rakennusosa-arviomenetelmällä saatiin prosentuaalisten virheiden itseisarvojen keskiarvoksi 4,2 % ja keskihajonnaksi 4,3 %. Puhtaasti tilastollisella menetelmällä saatiin prosentuaalisten virheiden itseisarvojen keskiarvoksi 1,4 % ja keskihajonnaksi 1,9 %. Rakennusosa-arviomenetelmä sopii kaikille louhinta-ja lujitushankkeille kaikissa suunnittelun vaiheissa, kun tilastollinen menetelmä soveltuu vain suppealle hankemäärälle hankesuunnittelun alkuvaiheessa.
ED:2004-11-05
INSSI record number: 26454
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