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| Author: | Estrin, S. Mickiewicz, T. |
| Title: | Institutions and female entrepreneurship |
| Journal: | Small business economics
2011 : NOV, VOL. 37:4, p. 397-415 |
| Index terms: | entrepreneurship gender institutions public sector new enterprise employment self-employment international |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | The impact of institutions on men and women's decisions to establish new business start-ups from 2001 to 2006 is compared. Based on data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor survey (GEM) covering at least 2,000 individuals annually in up to 55 countries, from the World Bank, from Economist Intelligence Unit, from Polity IV and from the Heritage Foundation, women are found to be less likely to start entrepreneurial activity in countries where the state sector is larger. Yet, rule of law is not generally found to have gender-specific effects. However, more detailed institutional components of discrimination against women, especially restrictions on freedom of movement away from home, make it less likely for women to have high entrepreneurial purposes as to employment growth etc. |
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