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Author: | Freeman, S. Cameron, K. |
Title: | Organizational downsizing: a convergence and reorientation framework |
Journal: | Organization Science
1993 : FEB, VOL. 4:1, p. 10-29 |
Index terms: | ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AMERICA GROWTH |
Language: | eng |
Abstract: | Organizational downsizing is becoming pervasive as a characteristic of modern organizations, yet little scholarly literature has addressed the processes and outcomes associated with this phenomenon at the organizational level. Downsizing has often mistakenly been confused operationally with concepts such as decline, layoff, or nonadaptability, indicating that the definition of the concept remains imprecise. This paper offers a straightforward, operational definition of downsizing. |
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