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| Author: | Cooke, P. |
| Title: | Biotechnology clusters, 'Big Pharma' and the knowledge- driven economy |
| Journal: | International Journal of Technology Management
2003 : VOL. 25:1/2, p. 65-80 |
| Index terms: | CLUSTER ANALYSIS PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY RESEARCH |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | The pharmaceutical industry remains powerful due to its firm scale and global reach. However, analysis of the source of biotechnology-derived products in healthcare, valued at $70 billion worldwide by 2000, reveals an almost complete dependence in three key markets of the USA, UK and Germany, on products developed by entrepreneurial biotechnology firms. These tend to operate in knowledge-driven clusters centered upon universities, research hospitals and research institutes, supported in major ways by public funding. This, and the growing public perception of possible problems with biotechnologies will increasingly bring 'Big Pharma' into uncertain relations with governmental bodies, something that has been pronounced in the UK of late. |
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