search query: @author Wassink, D. / total: 2
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| Author: | Carbough, R. Wassink, D. |
| Title: | Steel Voluntary Restraints Arrangements and steel-using industries |
| Journal: | Journal of World Trade Law
1991 : AUG, VOL. 25:4, p. 73-86 |
| Index terms: | STEEL INDUSTRY IMPORTS USA RESTRICTIVE PRACTICES TRADE BARRIERS COMPETITION |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | Since 1969 the USA government has continually restricted foreign steel shipments into the USA. Welfare effects of Steel Voluntary Restraints Agreements /VRA/ are illustrated making clear welfare losses. The Reagan VRA program of 1984-1989 and its estimated effects are discussed. It was intended to enable the domestic steel industry to restructure and modernize, thus becoming more competitive. The goal of the Bush VRA program of 1989-1992 is to eliminate trade-destroying practices, and quotas have not been hinding. It is concluded that quotas have helped shield USA steel industry from foreign competition, but have imposed costs on steel-using industries. |
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