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| Author: | Butler, R. |
| Title: | Organizing for innovation: loose or tight control? |
| Journal: | Long Range Planning
1998 : OCT, VOL. 31:5, p. 775-782 |
| Index terms: | LONG RANGE PLANNING INNOVATION ORGANIZATION |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | As organizations operate in an uncertain world, errors are unavoidable. This article analyzes two types of organizational error based upon a distinction between clear and fuzzy structures. Clear structures are based upon precise rules which enable a clear definition of decision types and the procedures for making those decisions. Fuzzy structures are based upon flexible rules by which decision making becomes a "muddling through process". |
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