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| Author: | Reich, M.R. |
| Title: | Why the Japanese don't export more pharmaceuticals: health policy as industrial policy. |
| Journal: | California Management Review
1990 : WINTER, VOL. 32:2, p. 124-150 |
| Index terms: | INDUSTRIAL POLICY EXPORTING JAPAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | Japan has the second largest single-country market for pharmaceutical products in the world, but is one of the lowest exporters among the major producer countries, with only 3 p.c. of total production going to exports. Imports continue to exceed exports by about a three-to-one ratio. It is shown how domestic policies nurtured and promoted this industry and created a highly regulated market with government-set prices. Health policy in effect has served as implicit industrial policy. In the 1980s, however, as a result of changes in health policy combined with changes in business strategy, the Japanese pharmaceutical industry emerged as a global competitor. Further major transformations are likely to come to pass over the next decade. |
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