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| Author: | Rothman, D. S. |
| Title: | Environmental Kuznets curves - real progress or passing the buck? A case for consumption-based approaches. |
| Journal: | Ecological Economics
1998 : MAY, VOL. 25:2, p. 177-194 |
| Index terms: | ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INCOMES TRADE |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | Recent research has examined the hypothesis of an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) - the notion that environmental impact increases in the early stages of development followed by declines in the later stages. These studies have focused on the relationship between per capita income and a variety of environmental indicators. Results imply that EKCs may exit for a number of cases. However, the measures of environmental impact used generally focus on production processes and reflect environmental impacts that are local in nature and for which abatement is relatively inexpensive in terms of monetary costs and /or lifestyle changes. By considering consumption and trade patterns, the author re-examines the concept of the EKC and proposes the use of alternative, consumption-based measures of environmental impact. |
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