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| Author: | Asghar, M.N. Khan, S. Mushtaq, S. |
| Title: | Management of treated pulp and paper mill effluent to achieve zero discharge |
| Journal: | Journal of Environmental Management
2008 : SEP, VOL. 88:4, p. 1285-1299 |
| Index terms: | paper and pulp industry resource management environmental protection water pollution soil pollution |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | One of the major effluent generating industries in the world are pulp and paper (here as: p-and-p.) mills. P-and-p. mill effluent management, possibly resulting in zero discharge into downstream water bodies, would present the best management option to address socio-environmental concerns. In this paper, presented is such an effort aimed at closing the water cycle (here as: w-c.) by using treated effluent from the mill to irrigate forage and fodder crops for producing animals feed. The impact assessment results from field monitoring, investigations and analysis show that the closed w-c. effluent management strategy described had resulted in a lessening of the impact on water resources usually associated with paper mills. However, social attitudes to the use of crops irrigated with recycled waters may still be a major consideration. |
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