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| Author: | Gardner, W. L. Martinko, M. J. |
| Title: | Impression management : an observational study linking audience characteristics with verbal self-presentations. |
| Journal: | Academy of Management Journal
1988 : MAR, VOL. 31:1, p. 42-65 |
| Index terms: | INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR MANAGERS EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION |
| Language: | eng |
| Abstract: | The study uses direct observation to examine the relationship between audience characteristics and verbal self-presentational behaviors of school principals. Findings that appear to be consistent with both the empirical and the theoretical literatures are that superiors are preferred targets for verbal self-presentation, apologies appear more frequently with familiar audiences than with unfamiliar audiences, organizational and self-descriptions are used more frequently in dyadic than in group situations, and both organizational and self-descriptions are more prevalent when principals interact with external audiences than with internal audiences. |
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