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| Tekijä: | Klaasen, G. |
| Otsikko: | Trade-offs in sulfur emmission trading in Europe |
| Lehti: | Environmental and Resource Economics
1995 : MAR, VOL. 5:2, p. 191-219 |
| Asiasana: | ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE POLLUTION EUROPE |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | How to implement emission trading is one question in the current negotiations on a new sulfur protocol in Europe. Whereas the current protocol stipulates a 30 percent uniform reduction, national emission ceilings included in the proposed new protocol imply differentiated reductions. In addition, emission and fuel standards are proposed. This paper examines the costs and environmental impacts of emission trading. Emission trading combined with regulations is a new element in the paper. Calculations using the RAINS (Regional Acidification INformation and Simulation) model suggest that overlaying emission trading on regulations not only reduces the cost savings but has beneficial impacts as well: ecosystem protection is not changed and significant decreases in environmental benefits for countries are largely avoided. |
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