haku: @journal_id 4679 / yhteensä: 138
viite: 9 / 138
| Tekijä: | Bátiz-Lazo, B. |
| Otsikko: | Emergence and evolution of ATM networks in the UK, 19672000 |
| Lehti: | Business history
2009 : JAN, VOL. 51:1 p. |
| Asiasana: | United Kingdom technology consumers communication information development |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | Research in this paper traces the origins of a process of competitive change in British retail financial markets by examining the emergence of cash dispensers technology, how it transformed into automated teller machines (ATMs) and how proprietary ATM networks gave way to total interoperability of cash withdrawals through a single common switch. The evolution of ATM technology illustrates changing boundaries of the banking organization, the challenges faced by financial intermediaries to adopt on-line, real-time computing and highlights the role of network externalities in financial markets. The success of automated cash dispensers as a distribution channel in retail banking epitomizes a shift in bank strategy, namely how applications of computer technology moved from being potential sources of competitive advantage to being a minimum requirement for effective competition in retail finance. This paper thus promotes the idea that the history of technology must consider its users, their strategies and business models inasmuch as business histories of the late 20th century will be incomplete without attention to developments in information and communications technologies. |
SCIMA