haku: @author Mansfield, E. / yhteensä: 19
viite: 5 / 19
| Tekijä: | Mansfield, E. |
| Otsikko: | The speed and cost of industrial innovation in Japan and the United States : external vs. internal. |
| Lehti: | Management Science
1988 : OCT, VOL. 34:10, p. 1157-1168 |
| Asiasana: | INNOVATION JAPAN USA |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | The outcome of the intense rivalry between Japan and the United States in high-technology industries will be determined in part by how quickly and economically each nation's firms can develop and commercially introduce the new products and processes that are central to success. A detailed comparison of innovation time and innovation cost is presented. Japanese firms allocate their resources quite differently than do American firms, a larger percentage of total innovation cost being devoted to tooling and manufacturing facilities, a smaller percentage being devoted to marketing startup. |
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