haku: @indexterm vertical integration / yhteensä: 190
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| Tekijä: | Ozcan, G. B. |
| Otsikko: | Patterns of Vertical and Horizontal Integration in Turkish Retailing |
| Lehti: | European Retail Digest
2001 : DEC, 32, p. 35-41 |
| Asiasana: | VERTICAL INTEGRATION RETAILING TURKEY |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | Since the 1930s, Turkish policy-makers have been enthusiastic in introducing modern retail outlets. But most of these efforts failed to diffuse beyond a couple of successful cases until the take off in the 1980s under the export-led liberal regime. We have seen a recent spread of large modern retail outlets, and it has been remarkably fast. This process naturally has long-lasting effects on the economy and the society. On the one hand, there has been a vertical integration through the elimination of middlemen in distribution channels. A complex relationship has emerged between the retailers and producers. On the other hand, new business opportunities were created in subsidiary and complementary services at the horizontal level such as in marketing, manufacturing and packaging, and information systems. |
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