haku: @author Langowitz, N. S. / yhteensä: 2
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| Tekijä: | Graves, S. B. Langowitz, N. S. |
| Otsikko: | Innovative productivity and returns to scale in the pharmaceutical industry (Pharmazeutische Industrie, neue Produkte, Produktentwicklung) |
| Lehti: | Strategic Management Journal
1993 : NOV, VOL. 14:8, p. 593-605 |
| Asiasana: | |
| Vapaa asiasana: | INNOVATION, FORSCHUNG UND ENTWICKLUNG |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | This study shows that firms in the pharmaceutical industry experience decreasing returns to scale in research and development as the level of research and development expenditures rises. The paper presents the results of a study of the innovative output of 16 pharmaceutical firms over a 19-year-period. Given the strong correlation between research and development budgets and firm size, the study suggests the wave of mergers in the industry may yield less innovative productivity than managers expect. |
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