haku: @indexterm Economic efficiency / yhteensä: 231
viite: 7 / 231
| Tekijä: | Leiman, A. (et al.) |
| Otsikko: | Reducing the healthcare costs of urban air pollution: The South African experience |
| Lehti: | Journal of Environmental Management
2007 : JUL, VOL. 84:1, p. 27-37 |
| Asiasana: | economic efficiency air pollution cost effectiveness marginal costing health service South Africa |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | A set of policy and technological interventions (here as: int-vents.) are investigated, aimed to reduce health care (as: h-c.) costs in the South African high population density areas. A simple benefit–cost (as: b-c.) rule, extended to capture sectoral employment impacts is used. The most efficient int-vents. were found at household level, although the focus of state air quality legislation is on industrial (as: ind-al.) pollutants. The first non-household policies to emerge involved vehicle fuels and technologies. Most proposed ind-al. int-vents. failed a simple b-c. test. The policy messages: int-vents. should begin with households, and further industry controls are not yet justifiable as these relate to the h-c. costs of such int-vents. |
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