haku: @indexterm POLLUTION / yhteensä: 343
viite: 46 / 343
| Tekijä: | Shimshack, J.P. Ward, M.B. |
| Otsikko: | Regulator reputation, enforcement, and environmental compliance |
| Lehti: | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
2005 : NOV, VOL. 50:3, p. 519-540 |
| Asiasana: | pollution regulations reputation |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | This article investigates empirically the effect of enforcement efforts on environmental compliance, focusing on the role of regulator reputation spillover effects. It was shown that, on the margin, the impact of a fine for water pollutant violations is about a two-thirds reduction in the statewide violation rate in the year following a fine. This large result obtains through the regulator's enhanced reputation; the deterrence impact on other plants in a state is almost as strong as the impact on the sanctioned plant. Focusing only on the response of the sanctioned plant, as in previous studies, may therefore significantly underestimate the efficacy of fines and other sanctions. The authors also explore the relative effectiveness of monitoring and enforcement instruments. Non-monetary sanctions contribute no detected impact on compliance, and the marginal fine induces substantially greater compliance than the marginal inspection. |
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