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| Tekijä: | Bradford, S. |
| Otsikko: | Protection and jobs: explaining the structure of trade barriers across industries |
| Lehti: | Journal of International Economics
2003 : OCT, VOL. 61:1, p. 19-39 |
| Asiasana: | |
| Vapaa asiasana: | International trade Trade barriers Workers Output Transaction costs USA |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | In this paper a protection model is developed that incorporates the incentives of politicians to win support through creating or preserving jobs, as well as through campaign spending. The empirical results provide strong evidence that protection increases with the number of workers in that industry but not with its level of output. It is also found that lobbying entails significant transactions costs. Nested tests imply that assuming lumpsum rebating of import revenues or rents is justified. The results also suggest that US policy makers weight a dollar of campaign contributions about 15% more heavily than a dollar of national income. |
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