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| Tekijä: | Steen, B. Borg, G. |
| Otsikko: | An estimation of the cost of sustainable production of metal concentrates from the earth's crust |
| Lehti: | Ecological Economics
2002 : SEP, VOL. 42:3, p. 401-414 |
| Asiasana: | PRODUCTION METALS INDUSTRY COSTS ESTIMATION |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | An attempt has been made to estimate the value of present ores to future generations. The direct costs for the producer and the external environmental costs for the society of a sustainable production of ore-like metal concentrates are investigated. In a technical scenario, granite, granodiorite and basalt rock are mined, crushed and ground to give fine powders. The powders are acid leached and the extracted metals precipitated using hydrogen sulphide and sodium hydroxide to form the ore- like concentrates. All chemicals are produced in a sustainable way. Leaching efficiencies and use of energy- ware (ISO standard term for oil, coal, electricity, etc.) an chemicals are important factors in the cost estimation, as well as the number of metals mined at the same time. |
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