haku: @author Prince, M. / yhteensä: 5
viite: 4 / 5
| Tekijä: | Prince, M. Davies, M. |
| Otsikko: | Seeking red over international gray markets |
| Lehti: | Business Horizons
2000 : MAR-APR, VOL. 43:2, p. 71-74 |
| Asiasana: | INTERNATIONAL MARKETS COMPANIES |
| Kieli: | eng |
| Tiivistelmä: | companies and their authorized distributors are seeking solutions to counter the price competition and reputational threats posed by gray markets. International gray markets are imports by an unauthorized party that result in a parallel distribution of a manufacturer's product through an unplanned channel. This channel performs the same functions as planned channels. However, a product is generally available to consumers at a lower cost when purchased through gray market channels. |
SCIMA