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Author:Hiekkataipale, Panu
Title:Sähköisesti johtavan polymeerin sulamispisteen säätäminen eutektisilla seoksilla
Tuning of the melting temperature of conjugated polymers by eutectic mixtures
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2004
Pages:56      Language:   fin
Department/School:Teknillisen fysiikan ja matematiikan osasto
Main subject:Optiikka ja molekyylimateriaalit   (Tfy-125)
Supervisor:Ikkala, Olli
Instructor:Ruokolainen, Janne
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark TF80     | Archive
Keywords:polyaniline
eutectic
polyaniliini
eutektisuus
Abstract (eng): Conducting polymers have been studied in order to find new functional materials and materials for soft electronics.
However, these polymers are poorly soluble and generally infusible because of the stiff polymer backbone.
In this work it has been studied, whether the melting temperature of polyaniline can be tuned using resorcinol.
The motivation of the study is that lower melting point would allow the melt processing of polyaniline.

The aim of the present work is to study the solubility of polyaniline in resorcinol and the phase behaviour of polyaniniline-resorcinol mixture.
Samples of polyaniline and resorcinol with different weight fractions were made.
It was observed that homogeneous and fusible polyaniniline-resorcinol mixture can be made with up to 10 % weight fraction of polyaniline.

Samples were observed with optical microscopy and calorimetry.
With polyaniline-camphorsulphonate weight fractions below 10 %, melting point depression of the mixture was observed.
On the other hand, pure polyaniline-camphorsulphonate does not melt.
Hence the observations suggest eutectic phase behaviour, even though the actual eutectic point could not be reached due to the solubility limit.

The aim was also to study the molecule complexes with small angle X-ray scattering.
However, malfunction of the synchrotron beamline prevented from carrying out the intended measurements.

The observed melting point depression indicates that polyaniline is dissolved in resorcinol at molecular level.
This can have substantial conceptual significance as there have been claims that conjugated polymers cannot dissolve but remain as aggregates.
Abstract (fin): Sähköä johtavia polymeerejä on tutkittu pyrittäessä uusiin pehmeän elektroniikan ja funktionaalisten materiaalien sovelluksiin.
Johtavat polymeerit ovat kuitenkin jäykän ketjunsa vuoksi niukkaliukoisia, eivätkä ne yleensä sula.
Tässä työssä tutkitaan polyaniliinin sulamispisteen alentamista resorsinolin avulla, mikä antaisi mahdollisuuden polyaniliinin prosessointiin sulatyöstön avulla.

Työn tavoitteena on selvittää polyaniliinin ja resorsinolin seosten faasikäyttäytymistä ja tutkia polyaniliinin liukoisuutta resorsinoliin molekyylitasolla.
Polyaniliinista ja resorsinolista valmistettiin seoksia eri massaosuuksilla.
Havaittiin, että alle 10 % massaosuuksilla polyaniliinin kamferisulfonaattia voidaan sekoittaa resorsinoliin siten, että saadaan homogeeninen seos.
Optisen mikroskopian ja kalorimetrian avulla havaittiin, että alle 10 % seoksen sulamispiste alenee puhtaaseen resorsinoliin verrattuna.

Puhdas polyaniliinin kamferisulfonaatti ei sula, joten havainnot viittaavat eutektiseen faasikäyttäytymiseen.
Eutektista pistettä ei tosin saavutettu; tiima johtunee alhaisesta liukoisuusrajasta.
Molekyylikompleksien rakennetta pyrittiin tutkimaan röntgensäteilyllä synkrotronilahteen avulla.
Laiterikon vuoksi näitä mittauksia ei voitu suorittaa loppuun.

Työssä havaitusta sulamispisteen alenemasta päätellään, että molekyylitasolla polyaniliini on liuenneena sulaan resorsinoliin.
Tällä voi olla huomattava periaatteellinen merkitys, sillä on esitetty väitteitä, että johdepolymeerit eivät voisi liueta liuottimiin, vaan ne muodostaisivat aina aggregaatteja.
ED:2004-11-30
INSSI record number: 26533
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