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Author:Puttonen, Tiina
Title:Methanol to olefins
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2009
Pages:xi + 159      Language:   eng
Department/School:Kemian laitos
Main subject:Tehdassuunnittelu   (Kem-107)
Supervisor:Hurme, Markku
Instructor:Harlin, Ali ; Laitinen, Antero
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark TKK  3358   | Archive
Keywords:methanol
ethylene
propylene
MTO
black liquor
gasification
metanoli
eteeni
propeeni
kaasutus
mustalipeä
Abstract (eng): In the literature part it was studied how methanol and ethylene are produced today and how they could be produced from bio-based raw materials.
Gasification of black liquor and methanol to olefins-process (MTO) were identified as best options.
After this picture of the processes and state of technologies was built according to different publications.
For the black liquor gasification Chemrec's process was chosen and it was assumed to be integrated into a pulp mill.
This way all the pulping chemicals are recycled back to the pulp mill from the gasifier and black liquor solids are gasified to synthesis gas.
This synthesis gas is then further processed in gas cleaning units and fed into a methanol synthesis reactor.
Methanol leaving the reactor is distilled and transported to the MTO-unit.

Methanol is converted into hydrocarbons in the MTO-unit.
The product gas leaving MTO-reactor is processed into heavy hydrocarbon fraction (composed mainly of C5+ hydrocarbons) and light hydrocarbon fraction (composed mainly of C1 -C4 hydrocarbons).
Light hydrocarbon fraction is then fed into a dryer, acid gas removal and cryogenic distillation unit.
In this work these units were not included into the research because the MTO- unit was assumed to be on a refinery area and the cryogenic distillation already there could be used.

In the research part of this work unit operations and equipment for the MTO-unit were selected.
MTO-unit was simulated with PRO/2.
Mass balance and energy balance were formed according to data acquired from the simulations.
Black liquor gasification and methanol unit was not calculated in detail because it was already done in one research in Sweden.
For the MTO-unit equipment sizes and costs were calculated and the total investment cost was formed.
Also total operating costs for the process were calculated.
According to these costs couple of feasibility analysis were made and production cost was calculated for methanol (287 euros /t) and for light olefin product (409 euros /t).
Abstract (fin): Kirjallisuusosassa perehdyttiin metanolin ja eteenin valmistusprosesseihin sekä kuinka näitä voitaisiin valmistaa biopohjaisista raaka-aineista.
Mustalipeän kaasutusprosessi todettiin parhaaksi vaihtoehdoksi.
Tämän jälkeen julkaisujen perusteella rakennettiin kuva eri kaasutusteknologioista sekä teknologioiden tämän hetkisestä tilasta.
Sama tehtiin myös metanolista olefiineiksi- prosesseille.
Tarkemman tutkimuksen kohteeksi valittiin mustalipeän kaasutus yhdistettynä metanolin valmistus/tislaus yksikköön sekä metanolista olefiineiksi yksikköön (MTO).
Kaasutus osaan valittiin Chemrecin prosessi, jossa kaasutetaan mustalipeää.
Tämä yksikkö oletettiin integroituvan sellutehtaaseen, jolloin mustalipeän joukossa olevat sellunkeittokemikaalit kierrätetään takaisin sellutehtaalle ja mustalipeän joukossa olevat orgaaniset yhdisteet poltetaan synteesikaasuksi.
Synteesikaasu puhdistetaan ja johdetaan metanoliyksikköön.
Metanoli kuljetetaan MTO-yksikköön, josta saadaan tuotteena hiilivetyjä sisältävä tuote.
Tuote johdetaan erilaisiin puhdistusyksiköihin ja lopulta kuivaimen kautta kylmätislaukseen.
Tässä työssä ei otettu kylmäyksikköä mukaan, koska tehtaan oletettiin olevan jalostamoalueella ja siellä olemassa oleva kylmätislausyksikkö olisi käytettävissä.

Tutkimusosassa yksikköprosessit valittiin sekä niihin laitteet.
MTO-osan laitteet simuloitiin PRO/2 ohjelmalla sekä simulointien perusteella muodostettiin massa- ja energiatase.
Kaasutusosan laskemisessa käytettiin hyväksi Ruotsissa jo tehtyä tutkimusta, jossa investointi- ja käyttökustannukset olivat laskettuina mustalipeän kaasutukselle, metanoli synteesille ja metanolin tislaukselle.
MTO-osalle laskettiin laitteiden koot ja hinnat, sekä käyttökustannukset.
Kustannusten laskemisen jälkeen tehtiin myös erinäisiä analyysejä investoinnin kannattavuudesta ja tuottavuudesta.
Valmistuskustannus metanolille on 287 euroa/t ja olefiini-tuotteelle 409 euroa/t.
ED:2009-12-11
INSSI record number: 38660
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