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Author:Nikkanen, Ville Petri
Title:Gasification gas purification and tar separation with oil scrubbers
Kaasutuskaasun puhdistus ja tervan erottaminen öljypesureilla
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2013
Pages:ix + 76 + [2]      Language:   eng
Department/School:Kemian laitos
Main subject:Tehdassuunnittelu   (Kem-107)
Supervisor:Koskinen, Jukka
Instructor:Suomalainen, Marjut
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto  2089   | Archive
Keywords:tar
scrubber
absorption
oil
RME
terva
pesuri
absorptio
öljy
biodiesel
Abstract (eng): Gasification gas contains several impurities.
Tar is one of the main impurities, which easily complicates the end process of the gasification system.
This master's thesis focuses on tar separation with scrubbers.
In the literature part, various absorbent materials are studied and compared.
Oily absorbents were discovered to be efficient in separating tars from gasification gas, whereas water was proven to be inefficient.
However, water has other positive attributes.
Different absorber structures, oil scrubbing concepts and mass transfer theories are also represented or compared.

In the experimental part, bench scale spray absorber was used with simulated gasification gas to study absorption performance of different absorbent materials.
Results correlated with other studies and biodiesel was found to be the most efficient tar absorbent, although differences between all oily liquids were small.
Vapor-liquid equilibrium between rapeseed methyl ester and simulated tar mixture was measured at 80°C.
This study helps to design a scrubber.
Rapeseed methyl ester was also tested with real gasification gas to learn how this absorbent reacts with the gas.
Only colour variation was observed.
However, experiment was short (< 60 min).
In a longer test run some other transformation can occur.
Abstract (fin): Kaasutuskaasu sisältää useita erilaisia epäpuhtauksia.
Terva on yksi yleisimmistä epäpuhtauksista, joka aiheuttaa monenlaisia ongelmia prosessissa.
Tämä diplomityö keskittyy tervojen erottamiseen pesureilla.
Kirjallisuusosassa erilaisia pesuriliuoksia on tutkittu ja vertailtu keskenään.
Kaikkien öljyjen todettiin olevan tehokkaita erottamaan tervoja kaasusta.
Veden tehokkuus sen sijaan on heikko, mutta sillä on kuitenkin muita hyviä ominaisuuksia.
Myös erilaisia absorbereita, öljypesurikonsepteja ja aineensiirtoteorioita on käyty lävitse tai vertailtu keskenään.

Kokeellisessa osassa penkki-kokoluokan spray pesuria käytettiin simuloidun kaasutuskaasun kanssa absorbenttien vertailuun.
Kokeesta saadut tulokset korreloivat muissa kokeissa saatuihin tuloksiin ja biodiesel havaittiin tehokkaimmaksi absorbentiksi.
Biodieselin ja simuloidun tervaseoksen neste-höyry tasapaino mitattiin 80 °C:ssa.
Tasapainodata auttaa pesurin suunnittelussa.
Biodieseliä kokeiltiin myös oikean kaasutuskaasun kanssa, jotta havaittaisiin kuinka absorbentti käyttäytyy kaasun kanssa.
Vain värin muutos havaittiin.
Koeajo oli kuitenkin melko lyhyt (< 60 min), joten pidemmissä koeajoissa myös muita muutoksia voi tapahtua.
ED:2013-03-01
INSSI record number: 45901
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