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Author:Heinänen, Victor
Title:Tislauskolonnien koeajojen simulointi
Simulation of distillation column test runs
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2009
Pages:140      Language:   fin
Department/School:Kemian ja materiaalitieteiden tiedekunta
Main subject:Tehdassuunnittelu   (Kem-107)
Supervisor:Hurme, Markku
Instructor:Keskinen, Kari I. ; Hartvik, Toni
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark TKK  4343   | Archive
Keywords:distillation
test run
simulation
modelling
plant scale
tislaus
koeajo
simulointi
mallinnus
tehdasmittakaava
Abstract (eng): As environmental regulations are tightening, sulphur compounds are presenting a problem for refineries when permitted concentrations in products are exceeded.
Due to the minute scale of the concentrations permitted, process designers and simulations are expected to give ever more precise results despite of the scale of the concentrations.

The main goal of this thesis is to simulate the transportation of sulphur compounds in two Neste Oil distillation columns the target specification being laboratory analyzes.
The simulations were made on the basis of test runs conducted in 2007.

Oil refining and the main sulphur compounds in the field were compactly studied in the literature part of this thesis.
Efficiencies and calculation methods of distillation followed by thermodynamic models were examined in wider detail.
Distillation curve and pseudo component formation and simulation were presented at the end of the literature part.

Four column test runs were simulated with Aspen Plus and Flowbat in the experimental part.
Equilibrium stage model was applied in both simulators.
Additionally, Rate-Based-model was studied in Aspen Plus.
Mainly SRK was used as the thermodynamics.
Sour water system of one of the columns was simulated with Schwartzentruber-Renon equation of state.

Feed flows were reconciled by calculating the magnitude and composition out of product flows.
Possible reactions and decompositions were not examined.
Interaction parameters were tuned by using vapour-liquid-equilibrium-measurements of sulphur compound and hydrocarbon mixtures.
This improved the simulation composition results significantly when comparing to analysed compositions.
Simulated efficiencies and hydraulics were examined at the end of this thesis.
Abstract (fin): Ympäristömääräysten tiukentuessa muodostavat raakaöljyssä olevat rikkiyhdisteet ongelman jalostajalle, mikäli niiden pitoisuudet ylittävät lopputuotteessa määräykset.
Määrien ollessa erittäin pieniä kasvaa suunnittelussa ja simuloinneissa vaadittu tarkkuus, joten simulointimalleilta vaaditaan aina vain tarkempia ja luotettavampia tuloksia.

Tämän diplomityön päätavoitteena oli simuloida rikkikomponenttien kulkeutuminen kahdessa Neste Oilin tislauskolonnissa tuotevirtoihin analyysejä mahdollisimman hyvin vastaavasti.
Simuloinnit suoritettiin vuonna 2007 tehtyjen koeajojen pohjalta.

Diplomityön teoriaosassa perehdyttiin suppeasti öljynjalostukseen sekä siinä yleisimmin tavattaviin rikkikomponentteihin.
Tarkemmin esiteltiin tislaukseen liittyvät hyötysuhteet ja laskentamallit sekä termodynaamiset mallit.
Teoriaosan lopussa esiteltiin tislauskäyrien ja pseudokomponenttien muodostamiseen sekä simulointiin liittyviä asioita.

Kokeellisessa osassa tarkasteltiin kolonneista tehtyjä neljää koeajoa simuloimalla Aspen Plus sekä Flowbat ohjelmilla.
Molemmilla ohjelmilla simulointi suoritettiin höyrynestetasapainomallilla ja Aspenilla tämän lisäksi aineensiirtomallilla, eli niin sanotulla Rate-Based-mallilla.
Termodynaamisena mallina käytettiin pääsääntöisesti SRK:a.
Toisen kolonnin hapanvesijärjestelmässä käytössä oli Schwartzentruber-Renon tilanyhtälömalli.

Syöttövirtoja täsmättiin laskemalla suuruus ja koostumus tuotevirroista.
Komponenttien mahdollisia reaktioita ja hajoamisia ei huomioitu.
Työssä käytettiin mitattuja höyrynestetasapainoarvoja virittämään rikkikomponenttien ja hiilivetyjen välisiä interaktioparametreja tarkemmiksi, jolloin pitoisuudet vastasivat paremmin analyysejä.
Työn lopussa tarkasteltiin simuloituja hyötysuhteita sekä kolonnien hydrauliikkoja.
ED:2009-12-11
INSSI record number: 38656
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