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Author:Kauppi, Emilia
Title:Alucone and alumina thin films grown on bio-based packaging materials by atomic layer deposition and molecular layer deposition techniques
Alumiinioksidi- ja alucone-ohutkalvojen kasvatus biopohjaisille pakkausmateriaaleille käyttäen atomikerroskasvatus- ja molekyylikerroskasvatustekniikoita
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2011
Pages:viii + 70      Language:   eng
Department/School:Puunjalostustekniikan laitos
Main subject:Epäorgaaninen kemia   (Kem-35)
Supervisor:Karppinen, Maarit
Instructor:Vähä-Nissi, Mika ; Sundberg, Pia
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto  3527   | Archive
Keywords:ALD
MLD
barrier
biopolymer
thin film
läpäisynestokyky
biopolymeeri
ohutkalvo
Abstract (eng): Biopolymers are good candidates for use in packaging applications to resolve the environmental problems related to petroleum-based polymers.
In order to extend the use of biopolymers to more demanding packaging applications, barrier properties of the biopolymer films are often in need of improvement.

Inorganic Al2O3 thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been shown to significantly improve the barrier properties of various polymer films without sacrificing their biodegradability and recyclability.
The ALD is a thin film deposition technique based on self saturated gas-solid surface reactions.
The ALD produces pinhole-free inorganic thin films uniform in thicknesses.
One disadvantage is that the inorganic thin films tend to be brittle, and the barrier properties are lost when such thin films are exposed to mechanical stresses.
The ALD can be combined with molecular layer deposition (MLD) which is a similar technique except that it uses organic reactants.
Inorganic-organic hybrid thin films grown by ALD/MLD have properties of both inorganic and organic components.
The inorganic component provides stability, while the organic compound enhances the flexibility of the thin film.

In the experimental part, alumina (Al2O3) and alucone (AIOCH2CH2O) thin-film coatings were deposited on biopolymers using the ALD and the ALD/MLD techniques, respectively.
Plain Al2O3 film was brittle as straining of this film by mere 2% led to cracking and defects, and thus to deteriorated barrier properties.
Unlike Al2O3, plain alucone films formed poor barrier against oxygen and water vapour.
The alucone films were also more brittle than Al2O3.
Multilayer films of Al2O3/AlOCH2CH2O /AhO3/AIOCH2CH2O/ Al2O3 were deposited on biaxially oriented polylactic acid film by utilizing both the ALD and the ALD/MLD techniques.
These multilayer thin films improved the oxygen barrier property as well as flexibility compared to the Al2O3 thin films.
Abstract (fin): Biopolymeerien käyttö pakkaussovelluksissa öljypohjaisten muovien sijaan voi tarjota ratkaisun jälkimmäisten aiheuttamille ympäristöhaitoille.
Biopolymeerikalvojen laajamittainen käyttö vaativimpiin sovelluksiin edellyttää kuitenkin biopolymeerikalvojen läpäisynesto-ominaisuuksien parantamista.

Atomikerroskasvatuksen (ALD) avulla erilaisten biopolymeerikalvojen päälle kasvatetun epäorgaanisen Al2O3 -ohutkalvon on osoitettu merkittävästi parantavan kyseisten biopolymeerikalvojen läpäisynesto-ominaisuuksia mahdollistaen edelleen polymeerien biohajoavuuden ja kierrätettävyyden.
ALD-menetelmä perustuu jaksottaisiin, kaasun ja kiinteän pinnan välisiin reaktioihin ja sillä voidaan kasvattaa korkealaatuisia epäorgaanisia ohutkalvoja.
Yksi epäorgaanisten ohutkalvojen haittapuoli on naiden hauraus.
Mekaaninen rasitus huonontaa epäorgaanisten ohutkalvojen läpäisynestokykyä.
ALD voidaan yhdistää molekyylikerroskasvatukseen (MLD), joka on orgaanisia lähdeaineita lukuun ottamatta samanlainen tekniikka.
ALD/MLD tekniikalla kasvatetulla epäorgaanis-orgaanisella hybrikalvolla on sekä epäorgaaniselle että orgaaniselle komponenteille tyypillisiä ominaisuuksia.
Epäorgaaninen komponentti antaa stabiiliutta ja orgaaninen komponentille puolestaan parantaa ohutkalvon venyvyyttä.

Kokeellisessa osuudessa kasvatettiin alumiinioksidia (Al2O3) ja alucone:a (AlOCH2CH2O) biopolymeerikalvoille ALD ja ALD/MLD tekniikoita hyödyntäen.
Al2O3 -ohutkalvo sellaisenaan oli hauras ja jo 2 % venytys aiheutti ohutkalvoon halkeamia/vikoja ja täten läpäisynesto-ominaisuuksien heikkenemistä.
Monikerrosohutkalvoja (Al2O3/ AlOCH2CH2O/ Al2O3/ AlOCH2CH2O/ Al2O3) kasvatettiin ALD- ja ALD/MLD -tekniikoilla biaksiaalisesti orientoidulle polymaitohappo-kalvolle.
Nämä monikerrosohutkalvot paransivat hapenläpäisynestokykyä sekä venyvyyttä Al2O3 -ohutkalvoihin verrattuna.
ED:2012-01-23
INSSI record number: 43814
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