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Author:Heiska, Arto Heikki
Title:Optimization of microalgae oil recovery
Mikroleväöljyn uuttamisen optimointi
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2010
Pages:viii + 107      Language:   eng
Department/School:Kemian laitos
Main subject:Tehdassuunnittelu   (Kem-107)
Supervisor:Hurme, Markku
Instructor:Hujanen, Mervi
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto  3517   | Archive
Keywords:microalgae
oil
extraction
mikrolevä
öljy
uuttaminen
Abstract (eng): The master's thesis studied oil extraction of microalgae biomass by different methods.
The oil extraction step has been identified as one of the key elements in the processing of microalgae for bio fuels.
Basics of microalgae production, alternative extraction technologies and possible uses for residual biomass are reviewed in the literature part.

In the experimental part, the oil extraction from wet (70-80% water content) micro algal biomass was investigated.
Three species with different cell structures were used in the experiments.
The effects of different extraction temperatures ceil disruption and the use of acid or alkali to oil yield and quality were tested.
Residual biomasses were analyzed for animal feed properties.
Mass and energy balance of the extraction process was constructed based on the experiments.

Higher oil yields (typicality 60-80%) were achieved in elevated temperatures (160 °C) and pressures.
A great portion of the extraction residue was other than lipids and the oils contained significant amounts of metal impurities.
Use of acid in the extraction or base hydrolysis followed by acid extraction had different effects on oil yield and quality for different species.
Cell disruption with ultrasonication was efficient for some species, but it did not affect the oil yields considerably.
Some of the residual biomasses could be potentially used as feed for ruminants.
Abstract (fin): Diplomityössä tutkittiin öljyn erottamista mikroleväbiomassasta eri menetelmillä.
Öljyn erottaminen mikrolevistä on yksi tärkeimmistä vaiheista biopolttoaineiden valmistuksessa.
Kirjallisuusosiossa on esitetty mikrolevän tuottamisen perusteet, vaihtoehtoiset erotusmenetelmät ja jäännösbiomassan mahdolliset käyttötavat.

Kokeellisessa osassa tutkittiin öljyn uuttamista märästä (70 - 80 % vesipitoisuus) mikroleväbiomassasta.
Kokeet tehtiin kolmelle eri levälajille, joista kullakin on erilainen solurakenne.
Kokeissa tutkittiin eri uuttolämpötilojen, solujen rikkomisen ja hapon sekä emäksen vaikutusta uuttosaantoon ja öljyn laatuun.
Lisäksi jäännösbiomassojen mahdollista käyttämistä eläinten rehuna arvioitiin.
Kokeiden perusteella uuttoprosessista laskettiin myös massa- ja energiatase.

Korkeimmat öljysaannot (tyypillisesti 60 - 80 %) saavutettiin käyttämällä korkeaa uuttolämpötilaa (160 °C)ja painetta.
Uuttojäännös sisälsi myös suuren osan muuta kuin öljyä.
Lisäksi öljyissä oli merkittäviä määriä metalliepäpuhtauksia.
Hapon ja emäksen käytöllä oli eri vaikutuksia uuttosaantoon ja öljyn puhtauteen eri lajikkeilla.
Solujen rikkominen ultraäänellä oli tehokasta joillekin lajikkeille, mutta sillä ei ollut suurta vaikutusta öljysaantoon.
Alustavien kokeiden perusteella jotkin jäännösbiomassat voisivat soveltua märehtijöiden rehuksi.
ED:2010-12-20
INSSI record number: 41457
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