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Author:Hirvonen, Saara
Title:Capillary filling electrospray ionization chip
Kapillaaritäyttyvä sähkösumutusionisaatiosiru
Publication type:Master's thesis
Publication year:2014
Pages:55      Language:   eng
Department/School:Materiaalitekniikan laitos
Main subject:Soveltava materiaalitiede   (MT3001)
Supervisor:Franssila, Sami
Instructor:Sikanen, Tiina ; Jokinen, Ville
Electronic version URL: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201501301798
OEVS:
Electronic archive copy is available via Aalto Thesis Database.
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Location:P1 Ark Aalto  2595   | Archive
Keywords:electrospray ionization
capillary filling
microfabrication
deep reactive ion etching
hydrophobic coating
mass spectrometry
sähkösumutusionisaatio
kapillaaritäyttyminen
mikrovalmistus
plasmaetsaus
hydrofobinen pinnoite
massaspektrometria
Abstract (eng):In this work an electrospray ionization (ESI) chip platform was designed and fabricated.
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is an indispensible analytical tool that enables to analyze also large molecules like proteins without fragmentation.

The ESI chip had a sample introduction spot, a flow channel and a sharp tip.
The platform consisted of 56 individual chips for fast analysis of multiple samples.
Different geometries for the tip were tested.
The fabrication was done on silicon using standard microfabrication techniques; thermal oxidation, lithography and deep reactive ion etching (DRIE).
The flow channel was open, so no bonding was needed in fabrication.
The sample filling of the chip was implemented by capillary forces that were induced by fabricating a micropillar array inside the channel.
The tips were sharpened three-dimensionally by etching from both sides.
The surrounding of the individual channels was coated with hydrophobic fluoropolymer to prevent liquid of spreading and thus sample cross-contamination.

The analytical performance of the ESI chip was demonstrated with mass spectrometric measurements.
The test compounds were verapamil and angiotensin III.
Stable sprays and clear spectra were achieved with different solvent concentrations.
Also fully aqueous solvents with an organic solvent content down to 0 % were used successfully.
This is a progression compared to other reported spraying conditions with microfabricated ESI chips in the literature.
Thus the chip could be used in analysing also biological samples that tend to denaturize in organic solvents.
Abstract (fin):Tässä työssä suunniteltiin ja valmistettiin sähkösumutusionisaatiosiru (ESI-siru).
Sähkösumutusionisaatio-massaspektrometia on tärkeä analyyttinen työkalu, joka mahdollistaa suurien molekyylien, kuten proteiinien analysoinnin ilman fragmentoitumista.

ESI-siru koostui näytteen syöttöpisteestä, virtauskanavasta ja terävästä kärjestä.
Alusta koostui 56 yksittäisestä sirusta, jotka mahdollistavat useamman näytteen nopean analysoinnin.
Erilaisia kärkigeometrioita testattiin.
Valmistus tehtiin piille käyttäen normaaleja mikrovalmistustekniikoita; termistä oksidointia, litografiaa ja plasmaetsausta.
Virtauskanava oli avoin, joten valmistuksessa ei tarvittu bondausta.
Näytteen täyttyminen tapahtui kapillaarivoimilla, jotka saatiin aikaan valmistamalla virtauskanavaan mikropilareita.
Kärjet terävöitettiin kolmiuloitteisesti etsaamalla molemmilta puolista.
Yksittäisten kanavien ympäristö päällystettiin hydrofobisella fluoropolymeerillä, jotta nesteen leviäminen ja näytteiden sekoittuminen.

ESI-sirujen analyyttistä suorituskykyä testattiin massaspektrometrisilla mittauksilla.
Testiyhdisteet olivat verapamiili ja angiotensiini III.
Stabiili sumu ja selkeä spektri mitattiin useilla erilaisilla liotinkoostumuksilla.
Myös täysin vesipitoista liuosta ilman orgaanista liuotinta käytettiin onnistuneesti.
Tämä on edistys verrattuna muihin kirjallisuudessa raportoituihin sumutusolosuhteisiin mikrovalmistetuilla ESI-siruilla.
Sirua on siis mahdollista käyttää myös sellaisten biologisten näytteiden analysoinnissa, jotka denaturoituvat orgaanisissa liuottimissa.
ED:2015-02-08
INSSI record number: 50549
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